Understanding the Grand Sumo Tournaments: An Insight into Traditions and Competitions
- Takeshi Amitani
- Apr 24
- 2 min read
Sumo wrestling, a revered tradition in Japan, is much more than a sport; it is a cultural spectacle steeped in history and ritual. Each year, six major tournaments, known as "honbasho," take place, captivating audiences with their unique blend of athleticism, ceremony, and tradition. In this blog post, we'll delve into the intricacies of these tournaments, exploring the differences between the wrestlers known as "sekitori" and those in the lower divisions.
### The Annual Schedule of Grand Sumo Tournaments
The Grand Sumo tournaments are held six times a year, each lasting 15 days. These tournaments are scheduled as follows:
- **January (Hatsu Basho)**: Tokyo
- **March (Haru Basho)**: Osaka
- **May (Natsu Basho)**: Tokyo
- **July (Nagoya Basho)**: Nagoya
- **September (Aki Basho)**: Tokyo
- **November (Kyushu Basho)**: Fukuoka
Each tournament is a grand event, attracting fans from all over Japan and the world, eager to witness the skill and power of sumo wrestlers.
### Distinctions Between Sekitori and Lower Division Wrestlers
In sumo, wrestlers are classified into various divisions based on their ranking, with "sekitori" being those in the top two divisions: "makuuchi" and "juryo." The differences between sekitori and those in the lower divisions are significant and reflect their status within the sumo hierarchy.
#### Sekitori (Juryo and Above)
- **Number of Matches**: Sekitori wrestlers participate in matches every day of the 15-day tournament, totaling 15 bouts.
- **Opponents**: They generally face opponents from the same ranking tier, with matchups determined by their rankings or "banzuke."
- **Dohyo-iri (Ring Entering Ceremony)**: Sekitori partake in a ceremonial ring-entering ritual. Makuuchi wrestlers have their own dohyo-iri, while Yokozuna, the highest-ranked wrestlers, perform a special Yokozuna dohyo-iri.
- **Attire**: During the dohyo-iri, sekitori wear elaborate "kesho-mawashi," a decorative apron-like attire. In matches, they wear colorful "shimekomi" mawashi.
Image Source: [Japan sumo association ](https://www.sumo.or.jp/IrohaKnowledge/glossary_rikishi_keshomawashi)
#### Lower Division Wrestlers
- **Number of Matches**: Wrestlers in the lower divisions have fewer matches, with only seven bouts per tournament.
- **Opponents**: Like sekitori, they compete against wrestlers of similar rank.
- **Dohyo-iri**: Lower division wrestlers do not have individual ring-entering ceremonies.
- **Attire**: They wear plain black mawashi and do not use kesho-mawashi.
- **Additional Duties**: Lower division wrestlers often serve as assistants to sekitori, helping with tasks and supporting them throughout the tournament.
### The Prestige of Being a Sekitori
Being a sekitori is not just about competing at a higher level; it signifies reaching a prestigious status within the sumo world. Sekitori enjoy privileges such as higher salaries, personal attendants, and greater recognition. Their lifestyle reflects their esteemed position, with more media attention and fan following.
### Conclusion
The Grand Sumo tournaments are a celebration of tradition and athletic prowess. The distinctions between sekitori and lower division wrestlers highlight the hierarchical nature of sumo wrestling, where rank determines not only competition but also lifestyle. As fans cheer for their favorite wrestlers, they are witnessing a centuries-old tradition that continues to thrive in modern Japan. Whether you're a seasoned fan or new to sumo, understanding these nuances enhances the appreciation of this fascinating sport.
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